string(16) "slug is eswatini" Eswatini - Country Profile - African Landlocked Countries Research Centre
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Eswatini

Capital: Mbabane (administrative)

Population

Estimated 1.2 million (2025)

Area

Approximately 17,364 km²

GDP

$4.8 billion (2023)

Bordering Countries

2

Overview

Landlocked country in Southern Africa, bordered by South Africa and Mozambique

Eswatini is a small landlocked kingdom heavily dependent on South Africa for trade. It has a diversified economy with sugar, manufacturing, and services, but faces challenges like unemployment and high HIV rates.

Bordering Countries: South Africa, Mozambique

Economic Profile

Primary Exports

Sugar, soft drink concentrates, coal, forestry products

Key Industries

Services, manufacturing (sugar, soft drink concentrates), agriculture, mining (coal)

Main Trade Partners

South Africa (dominant), Mozambique, regional neighbors

Economic Challenges

High unemployment, poverty, health concerns (high HIV prevalence), food insecurity (25% affected), infrastructure gaps

Trade & Transit Infrastructure

Main Transit Corridors

Fully reliant on South African transport networks

Key Border Crossing Points

Multiple crossings with South Africa

Port Access

South African ports (notably Durban)

Transport Infrastructure Quality

Investments in road construction (MR14, MR21), dam projects, energy sector

Trade & Transit Challenges

Heavy dependence on South Africa, logistical constraints, regional economic fluctuations

Key Statistics & Indicators

Human Development Index: Moderate HDI

National Trade & Development Strategies

Emphasis on infrastructure, governance reforms, private sector development

Ongoing and Planned Projects

Road upgrades (MR14, MR21), Mpakeni dam construction, energy projects, trade facilitation enhancements